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Message: <blockquote data-quote="ah lee" data-source="post: 278607" data-attributes="member: 7950">;) the following are some words from a sifu from the far far away knigdom..:D :lol: ;) 1) Electrolytic capacitors have high capacitance as the electrolyteforms one plate and foil the other with a very thin oxide layerdeposited when it's energised (that's why they got + and -). Thisinsulation is very delicate and can easily be damaged by overvoltage.However the higher voltage rating the capacitors are, the lesscapacitance for the same volume.2) Sometimes when relays or motors cut out, a HV transient isgenerated (creating sparks). This transients, if not controlled, candamage the caps if it's above the capacitor rating.3) Electrolytics have a life span, depending on the temperature(which tend to dry out the electrolyte), the number of times itcycles (discharges) and also due to overvoltage. That's why yourrelay idea will not prolong it's life as disconnection andreconnection may stress it more.4) If you want further protection, swap the D1 diode with a 15V Zenerdiode and make sure your capacitors are rated HIGER than 15V.5) Mica, polyester capacitors (which have no liquid insude) lastsvery long.More discussions here:http://www.autoworld.com.my/forum/allposts.asp?summary=1&Forum=ap512122419&access=1&status=1&subject=DIY+Voltage+stabiliser1) You can use a single 1F cap used for HIFI or a bank of smallervalues. If you protect your capacitors by swaping D1 with a 15V zenerdiode, then a 25V rated capacitor will do just fine.3) Cn.. n stands for as many as needed.4) Adding more.. additional cost with minimal inprovement. ______________________________________________________________go lah pasar rd..that day i bought a LED n Resistor in Kepong for RM2..DAM THE EXPENSIVE</blockquote>